Find GCSE Revision Resources covering Edexcel, AQA and OCR for a range of subjects including: Maths, English, Biology, Chemistry, Physics, History, Geography, Religious Studies and more. This website has been designed to help and support students taking GCSEs in 2021! - Continuation of the agencies, committees and commissions, - For example the Saar Commission which lead to the plebiscite which then returned the region to Germany in Jan 1935, - Resolution of boarder disputes in South America, - League losing three permanent members (Japan, Germany and Italy), - Manchuria was part of north-east China with southern frontier bordering Korea and was rich in raw materials and agricultural land, - Japanese in control of Korea since 1905 with trading rights extending into Manchuria, - Japanese guards were allowed along the South Manchurian railway, - Purpose of guards was to maintain order in a chaotic area to protect Japanese businesses, - During depression countries were not buying from Japan because they only sold luxury items like silk, - Japan relied on imports for food but could not afford to import food due to no one buying silk, - Could provide food, raw materials, market for Japanese exports and land for extra Japanese population, - Japan staged an incident where they used the excuse of Chinese Bandits to launch an invasion in the local area, - China appealed to the League and the Japanese said they would withdraw, - Soon clear that civilian government was not in control and the Japanese army then occupied the whole province, - European powers didn't want to reduce trade with Far East because American firms could take over lost business, - Military sanctions were less appealing because they would have to send military force to other side of world with uncertain success, - Britain and France had colonies in Far East like Hong Kong and Singapore and feared that sanctions might provoke Japanese attack, - Lytton lead inquiry into Manchuria with 4 man team and spent 6 weeks in Manchuria, - Came to conclusion that invasion was not justified, - Japan terminated membership with the League, - Did not have Soviet Russia or America so League could not call upon nearby military forces, - Economic sanctions would not be put in place because of depression. IGCSE; IAL; IGCSE Edexcel Revision Notes Edexcel IGCSE consists of two mandatory papers. Why was the Treaty of Versailles inconsistent? What were the things for the Munich agreement? He wanted the European economy to be revived and that mainly happened. GCSE History This area will help students studying GCSE History on the Edexcel Exam board specifically, although most of the content is highly likely to be relevant for all other exam boards too. Edexcel iGCSE History Topic A8: A Divided Union: Civil Rights in the USA (1945-1974) Revision Notes Produced by Ben Tavener • McCarthyism and the Red Scare • Civil Rights in the 1950s • The impact of Martin Luther King and Black Power • Protest movements: Students and Women Protests • Nixon and the Watergate Scandal Why did the events of the Gulf matter, c. 1970- 2000? (Treaty of Saint Germain, Treaty of Trianon, Treaty of Neuilly, Treaty of Sevres, Treat if Lausanne), Austria: Treaty of Saint Germain (10 september 1919), - Republic of Austria had to accept the breakup of the Austro- Hungarian empire, - Austria had to recognise the independence of Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and Poland, - Territory from the former empire was transferred to Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and Poland, Italy and Romania, - Union between Austria and Germany was forbidden, Bulgaria: Treaty of Neuilly (27 november 1919), - Bulgaria had to recognise independence of Czechoslovakia, - Bulgaria lost territory to Greece, Yugoslavia and Romania, - Hungary had to accept the break up of the Austro- Hungarian empire- Hungary had to recognise independence of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia - Territory from former empire was transferred to Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and Romania, (70% of territory and one third of population lost. What parts of the Treaty of Versailles satisfied each of the Big Three? Exam board content from BBC Bitesize for students in England, Northern Ireland or Wales. Note that the new 2015 content on the Middle East is not yet included. - Made to rehabilitate former WW1 prisoners-of war stranded in places like France, Soviet Russia, Poland Germany and Turkey, - 250,000 Russians in German and French camps, - 300,000 Germans and Austro Hungarians in Soviet Russia, - Fridtjof Nansen was in charge of this agency, - Worked with Red Cross and helped 425,000 people find new homes between 1920-22, - This organisation received nothing but praise, - Under leadership of Ludwig Rajchman this is regarded as one of the most successful of the League agencies, - Worked with non member countries as well, - Helped Russia prevent typhus epidemic in Siberia by organising public education, - Also helped reduce leprosy and campaign to exterminate mosquitos to reduce malaria and yellow fever, - Developed vaccines for diseases like tetanus, tuberculosis and diphtheria, - After demise of League it became the World Health Organisation which demonstrated its success, - Many countries after the war faced economic problems, - For example Austria was in danger of financial collapse, - League devised a plan to stabilise the currency by controlling interest rates, issuing of credit and circulation of banknotes, - As a result trade was revived, unemployment, went down and budget was balanced, - Other programmes were devised for Hungary, Greece and Bulgaria, - Albert Thomas in 1920s achieved some success in bringing about general improvement in working conditions, - Wanted 48h working week, 8h working day, right to join trade unions and 15 to be minimum employment age, - Readiness to implement recommendations in different countries was patchy, - For example school leaving age in Britain was not raised to 15 until after WW2, - Idea was to completely stamp out slavery, - Successes includes freeing 200,000 slaves in Sierra Leone and reduction of death rate of african workers on Tanganyikan railway from 50% to 4%, - Countries like Iraq, Jordan and Nepal abolished slaver all together, - Slave trading was still acknowledged in 1937 and 'White slave' traffic is still a problem in the 21st century, - Made most disappointing progress because by the end of 1920 only the defeated powers had disarmed even though all countries were supposed to, - Minor success in Washington Naval Conference 1921 where there was naval limitations for France, USA, Britain and Japan, - League could not even organise disarmament conference before 1932 because of technicalities, - All achieved some success or were involved in ongoing research, publicity and persuasion, - Often too form of questionnaires or requests for reports, - These persistent methods lead to reduced drug trading, black slaver and white slavery. Talks through some sample student questions and explains how students can develop their answers. What was the economic impact of the Treaty of Versailles? (Norm... Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards; Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card; 1. What were the terms of the other peace treaties? Research found that students get 2x better exam results with Seneca - and it's FREE ð² Whether you want to revise Hitler's rise to power and the Munich Putsch or learn about life in Nazi Germany and the police state, Seneca can be your personal tutor for revising History. - Hitler was able to practice dive- bombing on Spanish cities with missiles, - Mussolini abandoned France and Britain and made a speech that was important staging before formal alliance, - Smokescreen worked because Hitler had successful action over Austria and Czechoslovakia, - Powers did not react to Hitler's rearmament, - Signed by Germany and Japan (Italy joined in Nov 1937), - Directed against Comintern (Soviet agency promoting communism), - Treaty ensured that Japan and Germany would not assist soviet Russia if it attacked, - Hitler wanted to include all German speaking people in the Reich, - Largest concentration of German speakers outside of Germany was in Austria (7 million), - Union forbidden by treaty of Versailles but main problem was Italy who believed Austria was in its sphere of influence, - Italy made military movements in 1934 to stop union, - Feb 1938 meeting took place between Hitler and Austrian Chancellor. 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